![]() ![]() Careful sieving of the soil matrix around the skull should take place, to help retain any small fragments of bone or lose teeth (whole and partial fragments) (Mays 1999). As this is the only chance to lift the skeleton since deposition, careful notes should be made on first impression and any post depositional changes that can be immediately identified. ![]() Careful consideration should be made of its location, burial type, any nearby skeletons, and of course any different stratigraphic (colour/cut/fill) features present should be noted (Mays 1999). Particular care should be taken when excavating the skull, or any human skeletal element. It is by these landmarks that we can orientate the skeletal elements if they are disarticulated or have been broken (White & Folkens 2005: 75). These include the Orbits of the eye sockets, the Anterior Nasal Aperture (nose hole), External Auditory Meati (ear canals), the Zygomatic Arches (cheek bones) along with the Foramen Magnum (base of the skull). White & Folkens (2005) go on to note that it is of value that the key anatomical landmarks of the skull are noted. It also provides the framework for the first processes of digestion by mastication of food with the use of the teeth anchored in mandible and maxilla bones (White & Folkens 2005: 75). It houses the foundations for the sense of smell, sight, taste & hearing, alongside the housing of the brain. The human skull is one of the most complex structures in the human skeleton. Individual elements found in the human skull, individual elements discussed below (Pearson Education 2000). ![]()
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